Card 9 - PROP Physical Property Definition

This optional card defines physical property of elements.

Parameters: KODE, N1, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8

KODE

KODE is the code PROP (or 33)

N1

N1 is the physical property number, referenced on Card 5a - Element.

For LUMP, BEAM, SHELL, COHESIVE and LAMINATE elements

T2

  • is the volume of 1-node elements.
  • is the cross-sectional area of beam elements.
  • is the thickness of shell and cohesive elements. Note: Thickness is ignored for damage interface cohesive elements.
  • is the ply ID for LAMINATE elements.
  • may be blank, which defaults to 0.

T3

  • is the surface area of a lump mass element.
  • is the surface area per unit length of a beam element.
  • is the ply angle
  • may be blank, which defaults to 0.
  • is the number of layers for SHELL elements, must be an odd number. This option creates homogeneous multilayer shell elements in the MEREL module, which have the following properties:
  • The shell element is subdivided into T1 layers, where T1 is an odd number. The layers are equidistant from each other.
  • The original shell element number is assigned to the middle layer, new element numbers are created for all additional layers. The layer numbers are written to the report log file.
  • The in-plane thermal conductive paths are assigned to the middle layer.
  • The capacitance of the element is equally subdivided between all the layers.
  • A heat load applied to the element becomes applied to the top layer of the element. However, if the element is transparent in either the solar or IR spectra, the heat load is evenly distributed among the layers.
  • Thermal couplings, equal to (area of element)*(thermal conductivity)/distance are created between the layers.
  • The top and bottom layers are determined by the element orientation, such that the element normal will face out of the top layer.
  • Thermal couplings and radiative conductances attached to the element are redefined to be attached to the top and bottom layers of the element.
Note:

You may define nonhomogeneous multilayer shell elements with the Card 9 LAYER Card. Unlike homogeneous multilayer elements, nonhomogeneous multilayer elements support in-plane conduction and radiation between the layers.

T4 is blank, or is the fluid flow velocity for the element.

If T4 is not blank and the element center method is specified, the COND module will calculate equivalent 1-way conductances between adjacent element CG's to model the fluid flow. If the element CG method is specified, the CONDN module will calculate 1-way conductances between the boundary elements and the element CG.

The magnitude of the 1-way conductance is equal to T4*T2*RHO*CP*L

where

  • RHO and CP are the density and specific heat of the material.
  • L is the length of the projection onto a line perpendicular to the flow direction of the common side for the element center method, or boundary element for the element CG method.

If the element is a beam element, the fluid flow is assumed to be parallel to the beam.

The fluid flow direction is specified in T5 and T6.

T5 may be blank.

If T4 is not blank, and T6 is not the code MATVEC, then T5 is the angle in degrees between the fluid flow direction vector and the global Z axis.

If T6 is the code MATVEC, then flow direction is in the plane of the element. T5 is then the angle in degrees from the material’s X axis in the direction of the material’s Y axis that specifies the flow direction.

T7 may be blank.

If T7 is not blank, T7 is the nonstructural mass for LUMP elements, nonstructural mass per unit length for BEAM elements, and nonstructural mass per unit area for SHELL elements. The total mass of the element is the volume of the element times its density, plus its nonstructural mass. The capacitance of the element is calculated by multiplying its total mass with its specific heat.

T8 may be blank.

If T8 is not blank, T8 is additional capacitance for LUMP elements, additional capacitance per unit length for BEAM elements, and additional capacitance per unit area for SHELL elements. The total mass of the element is the volume of the element times its density, plus its nonstructural mass. The capacitance of the element is calculated by multiplying its total mass with its specific heat, and summing it with the additional capacitance calculated from T8.

For FLOWSEC, BLSTART and AMBIENT hydraulic elements

T3 is the hydraulic diameter.

  • If T3 and T4 are both blank or 0, the hydraulic diameter is computed from the cross-sectional area T2, assuming a square cross-section.
  • If T4 is not blank, the hydraulic diameter is obtained from T4.
  • For AMBIENT elements the hydraulic diameter is set to 1.E11

T4 is the element number of a Card 5 planar element with the duct's cross-sectional profile.

  • If T4 is not blank, the hydraulic diameter and cross-sectional area are both computed from the shape of element T4.
  • If T2, T3, and T4 are all blank or zero, the properties are obtained from the immediately upstream FLOWSEC or BLSTART element.

T5 is the head loss of the flow through the element.

If the element is connected to a single hydraulic element, i.e. it is at the end of the chain, the head loss will be applied to the DUCT or FLOWRES element connected to it. If the element is connected to two or more DUCT or FLOWRES elements, half the head loss will be applied to each of the connected elements.

T6 is ignored, may be blank.

T7 is ignored, may be blank.

T8 is ignored, may be blank.

For FLOWRES, DUCT, and FANPUMP hydraulic elements

T2

  • For FLOWRES and DUCT elements T2 is a flow resistance multiplier. If T3 is blank for FLOWRES elements, T2 reduces to the constant head loss factor KLOSS.
  • For FANPUMP elements T2 multiplies the total pressure rise, mass flow, volumetric flow, or velocity value interpolated from Table T3.T2 = 0 or blank defaults 1.

T3 is a table or expression number.

  • T3 is optional for FLOWRES and DUCT elements. If present, it defines a table-dependent flow resistance (or head loss factor) multiplier, and the dependent variable on the TABTYPE Card must be FLOWRES.
  • T3 is required for FANPUMP elements/. It defines the flow boundary conditions (mass flow, volumetric flow, velocity, or total pressure rise). The dependent variable on the TABTYPE or EXPRESSION Card must be MASSFL, VOLUME, VELOC, or DELTAPT.

T4 is ignored for non-DUCT elements, may be blank.

For DUCT elements, T4 represents the absolute wall roughness (or sand-grain roughness) value on the wall off the hydraulic element. The flow resistance and heat transfer coefficients will be appropriately modified as a function of this roughness value. Smooth walls should be specified with T4 = 0.

T5 is ignored for non-DUCT elements, may be blank.

For DUCT elements that are not straight, T4 represents the radius of curvature. The flow resistance and heat transfer coefficients will be appropriately modified as a function of the curvature of the element.

T6 is ignored, may be blank.

T7 is ignored, may be blank.

T8 is ignored, may be blank.

For FLOWCON hydraulic elements

All fields are ignored. The PROP FLOWCON card is only used to mark 1-node elements as belonging to a stream network.

For STREAM hydraulic elements

T2 is a multiplier of the total mass value interpolated from table T3.

T2 = 0 or blank defaults to 1.

T3 is a table number or blank. If set, it defines the mass flow boundary condition. The dependent variable on the TABTYPE card must be MASSFL.

Code example

$ CARD 5
101 0 M2 0 P4 1 2 3 4
$ CARD 5A ELEMENT 101 HAS ITS PROPERTIES DEFINED WITH
$ MAT CARD 4 AND PROP CARD 5
|
$ CARD 9
PROP 4 SHELL 1.6
$ ALL CARD 5A ELEMENTS WHICH REFERENCE                    
$ PROP CARD 4 HAVE A THICKNESS OF 1.6

Notes

For each PROP Card N1 the 7-character group name _P0000N1 (e.g. _P00016 for PROP Card 16) is automatically created.